How to maintain your piano

In this guide, we’ll cover everything you need to know about maintaining your piano, from tuning and cleaning to creating the ideal environment for it to thrive. Let’s explore the key steps for keeping your instrument in pristine shape for years to come.

1. Keep your piano tuned

One of the most critical aspects of piano care is regular tuning. Pianos should ideally be tuned twice a year, or even more frequently if the seasons significantly impact your local climate. This helps maintain the correct pitch and ensures that your piano produces harmonious tones.

Why is tuning so important? A piano’s strings are under immense tension, and changes in temperature or humidity can cause them to expand or contract. Over time, this leads to detuning, which will affect the sound quality.

You will need to hire a professional piano tuner, naturally. With over 10,000 moving parts, a piano requires expert hands to ensure precise adjustments and avoid damage.

2. Explore regulating the action

Every piano is different, and you might find that your action doesn’t need regulating. But in general, every 5 to 10 years is sufficient – it can be crucial for maintaining the instrument’s playability.Indicators that your piano needs regulation include:

• Keys that feel uneven or unresponsive

• Hammers that don’t return to their resting position

• A sluggish or choppy playing experience

Regulation doesn’t need to be done as frequently as tuning - every 5 to 10 years is sufficient - but it is just as crucial for maintaining the instrument’s playability.

3. Maintain proper voicing

Voicing refers to adjusting the density of the hammer felts to modify the piano’s tone. Whether you prefer a bright, clear sound or a warm, mellow tone, voicing can tailor the instrument to your preferences.

Unlike tuning, voicing is a subjective adjustment based on your desired sound. If your piano’s tone feels too harsh or too soft, consider consulting a technician to explore voicing options.

4. Clean your piano regularly

Dust and dirt can accumulate on your piano over time, affecting both its appearance and functionality. To keep it clean:

• Use a soft, dry microfiber cloth to dust the keys and exterior.

• Avoid harsh chemicals that could damage the finish or materials.

• For deeper cleaning, lightly dampen the cloth with a piano-safe cleaner and gently wipe the keys. Never spray liquids directly onto the piano.

Additionally, try to keep the interior of the piano free from dust by keeping the lid down when not in use. If you own a grand piano, a careful light dusting of the inside will suffice.

5. Control temperature and humidity

Pianos are incredibly sensitive to environmental changes, particularly fluctuations in temperature and humidity. To protect your instrument:

• Try to maintain a consistent room temperature of around 68°F (20°C).
• Think of using a hygrometer to monitor humidity levels, keeping them between 45% and 70%.
• If you’re in an environment where the humidity and temperature fluctuate a lot, you might want to invest in a humidifier or dehumidifier as needed, in order to stabilise the environment.

Excessive dryness can cause the wood to crack, while high humidity can lead to swelling and loosening of glued components. A stable environment is key to preserving your piano’s structure and sound quality.

6. Protect the finish

Your piano’s finish is as much a part of its appeal as its sound. To maintain its beauty:

• Keep the piano away from direct sunlight, which can fade its finish over time.

• Avoid placing objects like drinks or plants on the piano to prevent scratches and water damage.

• Use a soft cloth to gently dust the surface and avoid abrasive cleaning materials.

Treat your piano not only as a musical instrument but also as a cherished piece of furniture.

7. Play your piano regularly

Surprisingly, one of the best ways to maintain your piano is to play it frequently. Regular use helps keep the action moving smoothly and prevents parts from becoming stiff. Even if you’re not practising intensively, a little daily or weekly playtime can go a long way.

8. Choose the right location

Where you place your piano in your home can greatly impact its longevity. Avoid areas with:

• Direct sunlight

• Drafts from windows or doors

• Proximity to heating vents or radiators

An ideal spot is a stable, temperature-controlled room with minimal exposure to environmental fluctuations.
 

Bonus tips for piano maintenance

• Avoid using as a shelf: While it might be tempting to use your piano as a display surface, objects can scratch the finish or cause damage.

• Prevent spills: Never place liquids on the piano. Accidental spills can cause severe harm.

• Schedule regular checkups: In addition to tuning, have a professional technician inspect your piano annually for any underlying issues.

 

Maintaining your piano might seem like a lot of work, but with consistent care and attention, it’s entirely manageable. These steps not only ensure your piano sounds its best but also preserve its value and beauty for years to come.

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